The four branches of the Mabinogion are rife with references to people being both born into the world through the power of nature, and also contains tales of individuals reverting back to a natural state after a catastrophic event. This takes many different forms, from people being created from flowers to people taking on aspects of nature as their “nature” itself. This is because the authors are reflecting the dual nature of both the sensible and bodily world, and intertwining it with the hidden spiritual world ever-present in the ancient writings influential at the time. In the Mabinogion, during the creation of Blodeuedd from flowers, on the top of page 183, the text reads; “They took the flowers of the oak, and the flowers of the broom, and the flowers of the meadowsweet, and from those they conjured up the fairest and most beautiful maiden that anyone had ever seen. And they baptized her in the way they did at the time, and named her Blodeuedd.” The footnotes of the Mabinogion delves further into the relationship between nature and the creation of characters in the novel. The footnotes explain that the colors of the flowers used to create Blodeuwedd are likely significant, and that the white flowers could be used to signify purity. This association of people with aspects of nature appears regularly throughout the reading. This is also seen with Dylan “taking on the seas nature”, and also Lleu taking on the form of an eagle after being stabbed with the spear. Lleu’s transformation is more emblematic of cyclic life cycle, with him ending his life as a wounded animal, and only transforming back into human form after being rescued. Lleu becoming an eagle seems a testament to the spiritual world being the beginning and end of one’s life, as he only maintained his transformation while near the end of his life. These examples are reflective of the dual nature of the sensible and bodily worlds that ancient authors profoused. Maximus the Confessor, an early Byzantine christian writer, relayed this theory in his writings. On page 185 of Medieval Philosophy, Maximus the Confessor writes that “In this way, the entire world of beings produced by God and in creation is divided into a spiritual world filled with intelligible and incorporeal essences and a sensible and bodily world which is ingeniously woven together of many forms and natures.” The characters of the Mabinogion shifting between the natural and spiritual forms, in which the spiritual represents itself in natural forms, represents this way of thinking about the world. The “hidden”, or spiritual of the dual natures, manifests itself in the creation and transformation of characters into their natural forms, whether that be animals, fauna, or in the case of Dylan, the ocean itself. In the world that the Mabinogion takes place in, set in pre-Roman wales, this spiritual tradition manifests itself not so much in Holiness as in other texts, but in the land itself, and the animals and fauna that inhabit the land.
Leave a comment